There is no strict criterion for when an endgame begins, and different experts have different opinions ( Fine 1952:430). The start of the endgameĪn endgame is when there are only a few pieces left. This article generally does not consider studies. Artistic endgames ( studies) – contrived positions which contain a theoretical endgame hidden by problematic complications ( Portisch & Sárközy 1981:vii).Practical endgames – positions arising in actual games, where skillful play should transform it into a theoretical endgame position.Theoretical endgames – positions where the correct line of play is generally known and well-analyzed, so the solution is a matter of technique.CategoriesĮndgames can be divided into three categories: In some compositions, the starting position would be unlikely to occur in an actual game but if the starting position is not so exotic, the composition is sometimes incorporated into endgame theory.Ĭhess players classify endgames according to the type of pieces that remain. Many endgame studies have been composed, endgame positions which are solved by finding a win for White when there is no obvious way to win, or a draw when it seems White must lose. Compared to chess opening theory, which changes frequently, giving way to middlegame positions that fall in and out of popularity, endgame theory is less subject to change.
The body of chess theory devoted to endgames is known as endgame theory. Most endgames are not solved, and textbooks teach useful strategies and tactics for them. The simplest endgames have been solved, that is, the outcome (win, loss, or draw) of best play by both sides is known, and textbooks and reference works teach the best play.
It can be brought to the center of the board and act as a useful attacking piece. The king, which has to be protected in the middlegame owing to the threat of checkmate, becomes a strong piece in the endgame. In particular, pawns become more important as endgames often revolve around attempting to promote a pawn by advancing it to the eighth rank. The endgame, however, tends to have different characteristics from the middlegame, and the players have correspondingly different strategic concerns.
The line between middlegame and endgame is often not clear, and may occur gradually or with the quick exchange of a few pairs of pieces. In chess and chess-like games, the endgame (or end game or ending) is the stage of the game when few pieces are left on the board.
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